Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurological disorder that causes cognitive and behavioral impairments. Because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), medication cannot enter the brain, making the treatment of AD difficult. There are currently available therapeutic modalities that provide symptomatic relief, but they are also potentially unsafe. It has been found that phytoconstituents possess neuroprotective effects and the ability to target several pathogenic pathways associated with AD. Despite this, because of low bioavailability, poor solubility, and low BBB permeability, they have been unable to slow disease progression and suppress Alzheimer's progression. Despite obstacles, nanotechnology is proving to be an effective tool for the delivery of brain drugs. In addition to reducing barriers, phytochemical-loaded nanocarriers can increase neuroprotective properties. Endocytosis is the most common mechanism of nanoparticles (NPs) transportation, including pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and phagocytosis. Drug delivery to the target site is accomplished through diffusion, degradation, or erosion. Many types of NPs are used, including dendrimers, liposomes, polymeric NPs, and microemulsions. The review provides an overview of prospective target molecules, delivery methodologies, phytoconstituents, and nanocarriers developed for treating and managing AD. Researchers seeking an alternative method to treat AD gained new insight by emphasizing prospects and obstacles.